Oral Mucosal Lesions In Children Research Articles

Oral Mucosal Lesions in Childhood.

Childhood diseases are a continuous source of interest in all areas of general and dental medicine. Congenital, developmental, and hereditary diseases may either be present upon birth or appear in early childhood. Developmental anomalies, although often asymptomatic, may become grounds for different infections. Furthermore, they can indicate certain systemic disorders. Childhood age frequently brings about benign tumors and different types of traumatic lesions to the oral mucosa. Traumatic lesions can be caused by chemical, mechanical, or thermal injury. Mucocele and ranula are, by definition, traumatic injuries of the salivary glands or their ducts. Recurrent aphthous lesions are the most common type of ulcerations in childhood, and their etiology is considered multifactorial. Oral mucosal lesions in children require different treatment approaches depending on etiological factors and clinical presentation. Clinicians should have adequate knowledge of oral anatomy in order to diagnose and treat pathological conditions.

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children in Xiangyun of Yunnan, China: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThis population-based cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OMLs) in children in a rural area in China as epidemiological data on these conditions from such areas are insufficient.MethodsA total of 3145 children in Xiangyun of Yunnan were enrolled. A socio-economic questionnaire and a field survey of OMLs were administered. We gathered information on factors (sex, age, caregiver, parental education, and last-month household income) that might be associated with OMLs in these children.ResultsOMLs in children in Xiangyun of Yunnan had a prevalence of 1.8% (95% CI; 1.3–2.3%). The most prevalent OML was oral ulcer (n = 11; 18.3%), followed by linea alba (n = 10; 16.7%), whereas the least prevalent OMLs were frenal tag (n = 1; 1.7%) and herpes labialis (n = 1; 1.7%). On unadjusted or adjusted regression, school-aged children had about 50% lower risk of OMLs than preschoolers.ConclusionsThese findings indicate that the prevalence of OMLs in Xiangyun of Yunnan is lower than previously reported. Additionally, the age might be associated with the occurrence of OMLs in children in Xiangyun of Yunnan, China.

The Rate of Oral Lesions in Infants and Neonates Attend Maternity and Pediatric Teaching Hospital in Sulaymaniyah City

Background: The prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in infants and neonates is still a matter of debate. Objective: To find the frequency of oral mucosal lesions in children from Sulaymaniyah city. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in Maternity and Pediatrics Teaching Hospitals in Sulaymaniyah city. Twohundred children aged from birth to two years old were randomly selected. Demographic features, mode of delivery, pattern of feeding, and type and site of oral mucosal lesions, were recorded. Results: Male: female ratio was 1.06:1, and 64% were delivered by cesarean section. Significant differences were present between breastfeeding with the mode of delivery and age of the infants. Oral mucosal lesions were observed in 64.5% of children at 141 sites. 30% of lesions are located at median palatine raphe. The diagnosis of 30% of oral mucosal lesions was Epstein pearls, and 16% were Bohn’s nodule. The oral mucosal lesions were more frequently seen in children within the first week. Conclusion: About three-quarters of children was afflicted with oral mucosal lesions. Besides, Epstein pearls and Bohn’s nodule were among the most frequent diagnosis. Further, ages of a week or less afflicted more with congenital oral mucosal lesions. Keywords: Oral mucosal lesion, Oral developmental cyst, Infant, Neonates, Sulaymaniyah

Oral Mucosal Lesions In Children With And Without Cleft Lip: A Case Control Study.

Oral Mucosal Lesions In Children With And Without Cleft Lip: A Case Control Study.

A service evaluation of pediatric oral mucosal disease experience in a tertiary joint pediatric-oral medicine clinic

<h3>Objectives</h3> The true global prevalence of pediatric oral mucosal disease has historically proved difficult to determine, based on heterogeneity and inherent limitations in study designs and a largely descriptive narrative. The 2019 World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Relative Frequency of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Children, a Scoping Review quantified pediatric oral mucosal disease experience globally based on pooled and region-specific data from clinical studies and biopsy reports. The aim of this investigation was to retrospectively review clinical data to compare pediatric disease experience in a tertiary joint pediatric-oral medicine clinic at the Royal National ENT and Eastman Dental Hospital, UCLH, London, UK, with published global data from the world workshop. <h3>Methods</h3> Quantitative analysis was retrospectively performed on recorded clinical data from 22 joint clinics attended between January and December 2018, with recording of patient demographic characteristics, diagnosis, investigations, and management. <h3>Results</h3> Two hundred sixty-six patients (143 males, 128 females; age range, 8 months to 18 years) were seen in 2018. Referring clinicians included general dental practitioners (n = 54; 49%), secondary care medical and dental specialties (n = 33; 30%), community dental services (n = 15; 14%), and general medical practitioners (n = 9; 8%). Medical comorbidities were noted in 62 patients (23%). Idiopathic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (n = 65; 24%,), mucocele (n = 24; 9%), oral Crohn disease/orofacial granulomatosis (n = 18; 7%), and geographic tongue (n = 11; 4%) were the most commonly presenting conditions. Malignancy was the primary diagnosis in only 1 patient (mucoepidermoid carcinoma). Investigations performed included imaging (n = 27; 11%), blood tests (n = 26; 10%), and biopsy procedures (n = 23; 9%). Management included the use of topical analgesics (n = 71; 27%), topical corticosteroids (n = 94; 35%), topical calcineurin inhibitors (n = 19; 7%), and systemic immunomodulation (n = 22; 8%). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Similarity to world workshop conclusions was noted, with a predominance of benign oral mucosal disease within this patient demographic. Roughly 1 in 10 patients required investigation by imaging, blood testing, or biopsy. Although the world workshop data represented mostly transient conditions with an infectious or traumatic etiology, within this cohort, there was a greater representation of the oral manifestations of systemic disease, which may well represent the tertiary nature of referral to this unit.

Oral mucosal lesions in children with and without cleft lip and palate: a case control study

Orofacial clefts are a major health problem affecting individuals worldwide. Affected children would be having functional and aesthetic problems, such as breastfeeding difficulties due to improper oral seal and nasal regurgitation. Hearing and speech difficulties are also associated with the aperture. Oral mucosal lesions are commonly missed due to higher concern over the cleft than the minority of these conditions. The purpose of the study was to assess the presence or absence of oral mucosal lesions in children with and without cleft lip and palate. A total of 89000 cases were reviewed between June 2019 to March 2020 for the incidence of oral mucosal lesions in individuals with and without cleft lip and palate only. The present study consists of 30 children divided into two groups: children with cleft lip and palate and children without cleft lip and palate. In both groups, the presence of oral mucosal lesions was noted. Absence of oral mucosal lesions in both children with cleft lip and palate and children without cleft lip and palate. In this study, there is no evidence regarding oral mucosal lesions in children with and without cleft lip and palate.

World Workshop on Oral Medicine VII: Relative frequency of oral mucosal lesions in children, a scoping review.

To detail a scoping review on the global and regional relative frequencies of oral mucosal disorders in the children based on both clinical studies and those reported from biopsy records. A literature search was completed from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2018 using PubMed and EMBASE. Twenty clinical studies (sample size: 85,976) and 34 studies from biopsy services (40,522 biopsies) were included. Clinically, the most frequent conditions were aphthous ulcerations (1.82%), trauma-associated lesions (1.33%) and herpes simplex virus (HSV)-associated lesions (1.33%). Overall, the most commonly biopsied lesions were mucoceles (17.12%), fibrous lesions (9.06%) and pyogenic granuloma (4.87%). By WHO geographic region, the pooled relative frequencies of the most common oral lesions were similar between regions in both clinical and biopsy studies. Across regions, geographic tongue (migratory glossitis), HSV lesions, fissured tongue and trauma-associated ulcers were the most commonly reported paediatric oral mucosal lesions in clinical studies, while mucoceles, fibrous lesions and pyogenic granuloma were the most commonly biopsied lesions. The scoping review suggests data from the clinical studies and biopsy records shared similarities in the most commonly observed mucosal lesions in children across regions. In addition, the majority of lesions were benign in nature.

Orthodontics and oral mucosal lesions in children and teenagers

Children and teenagers with orthodontics may be affected by infectious, hereditary, traumatic, malignant, or idiopathic oral mucosa lesions. Orthodontists have to be able to detect, identify, and treat effectively or to address the patient to a specialist. Here we discuss this difference to make their diagnosis and management easier for the practitioner.

Oral Mucosal Lesions in Children

Soft tissue lesions of the oral cavity are common in children, have various clinical presentations as colored lesions, mucosal ulceration or Nodular lesions and so. Some are a symptomatic and some are symptomatic or even disturb the daily activities of the child. When evaluating soft tissue lesions, it is important to distinguish between findings that are normal and those that are indicative a pathological condition, and normal anatomical variations. Most of adult oral soft tissue lesions may present in child oral cavity with predilection for some lesions. The literatures regarding oral mucosal lesions in children are relatively few. The most common oral disease, found was caries in priority and cancer therapy-related mucosal disorders.

PENGALAMAN KARIES, KADAR HAEMOGLOBIN, BERAT BADAN DAN TINGGI BADAN PADA ANAK DENGAN LESI MUKOSA ORAL

Background: Oral mucosal lesions in children caused by nutritional problems, dental infection, poor oral hygiene and trauma. Oral health in children as the next generation of the nation should always be maintained. However there is still lack of data on the emergence of oral mucosal lesions in Indonesian children. Purpose. To describe an overview of the caries experience, Haemoglobin/Hematokrit (Hb Ht), weight (BB) and height (TB) in children aged 6-7 years in several elementary schools at Tanjungsari, Sumedang.Result: 44 of 137 students who had oral mucosal lesions, had completesupporting data. Total of 43 students had an average caries experience of 8.4 teeth/child (1-17 teeth/child), while 1 student was caries-free. The average of weight = 19.3 kg, height = 115.5 cm, and Hb/Ht = 12.5/36.5%. Oral lesions found were plaques on the tongue, ulcers, macules, nodules, pustules and desquamatives.Discussion: The condition of untreated dental caries can cause pain anddiscomfort, so the child will have difculty eating and interfere with the growth process. This can be seen through the child’s caries experience with data on weight and height. Tooth decay affects the nutrient intake and was estimated to lead to a decrease in Hb/Ht. Oral mucosal lesions due to trauma and poor oral hygiene were not expected to affect systemic conditions.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the caries experience was very high, the average value of weight and height were normal below the ideal, Hb/Ht levels within normal limits, while Coated tongue was the common diagnosis found from subjects

Lesiones de la mucosa bucal en una población infantil de Montevideo, Uruguay

Justification: There are few studies that document the frequency of oral mucosal lesions in children and adolescents, and all of them reveal different results. Materials and method: This was an observational, descriptive, transversal survey, in children between the ages of 3 and 12, that participate in the “Programa de Salud Bucal de la Facultad de Odontologia de la Universidad Catolica del Uruguay”/ Oral Health Program of the Dentistry School of Uruguayan Catholic University. Lesions in the whole oral cavity were taken into account, describing and registering each one of the findings. The 7 lesions more frequent in the bibliography consulted were selected. A descriptive statistical analysis was made using the variables age, gender and dentition stages. Results: 191 children were examined; lesions were found in 103 children. Morsicatio buccarum, meaning the bitening of the cheek mucosa (self inflicted trauma), was the most common lesion. The second most frequent lesion was Geographic tongue. Conclusions: Girls had higher probability of presenting a lesion than boys. The age range between 6-9 had more risk of developing a lesion than the group ranging in age from 9-12.  The children with mixed dentition had more risk of having Morsicatio buccarum than the children with permanent dentition; and the children ranging in age from 6-9 had more probabilities of presenting Morsicatio buccarum than the children ranging 9-12. We could not find any other survey epidemiologically comparable that described the same lesions than ours. This leads to the conclussion that it is necessary to perform further studies with the same methodology and a wider range of diagnosis criteria.

Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Children

Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Children

Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Children. Review of Literature

Prevalence of Oral Mucosal Lesions in Children. Review of Literature

HSV-1 as well as HSV-2 is frequent in oral mucosal lesions of children on chemotherapy

Prevalence data of herpes simplex virus (HSV) in oral mucositis in children on treatment for cancer is limited. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been seldom utilized for detection of HSV-1/2 in oral mucosa. Children on treatment for cancer with oral mucositis were enrolled as cases and healthy children as controls. An oral swab from the lesion in cases and mucosal scraping in controls were obtained. Both qualitative and real-time quantitative PCR for HSV-1/2 were performed. Serum ELISA-IgG/IgM for HSV-1/2 antibodies (NovaLisa™-Dietzenbach-Germany) were measured. Thirty-two cases (Age, 6.3±3.4 years) and 30 controls were enrolled. Majority (69%) of cases had ALL. All patients had febrile neutropenia, except two. ELISA-IgM-HSV-1/2 was not positive in any case or control. ELISA-IgG-HSV-1/2 was positive in 11 (34%) cases and nine (30%) controls (p=1.0). Qualitative PCR for HSV-1 detected the virus in eight (25%) cases and nil controls (p=0.009). HSV-2 was not detected in any case/control by qualitative PCR. Quantitative PCR detected HSV-1 in 21 (66%) and HSV-2 in 22 (69%) cases. In controls, quantitative PCR detected HSV-1 in three (10%) and HSV-2 in none. In patients, the mean viral load of HSV-1 (5,500±15,987×10(4) copies/nanogram DNA) was more than HSV-2 (4.03±8.5×10(4)) (p=0.11). There was no correlation of HSV-1/2 with grading of mucositis. Both HSV-1/2 are commonly shed from oral mucosal lesions in children receiving chemotherapy. In a novel finding, real-time PCR detected copies of HSV-2 in 69% cases, all missed by conventional PCR. Implication for morbidity, if any, or treatment needs to be determined.

Oral mucosal lesions in children from 0 to 12 years old: ten years' experience

The exact prevalence of oral lesions in childhood is not well known. We sought to define the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in a large group of children. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed using clinical charts from January 1997 to December 2007. Data collected included age, gender, and pathologic diagnosis. In total, 10,128 children (0-12 years old) were enrolled. Clinical diagnostic criteria proposed by the World Health Organization were followed. The frequency of children presenting oral mucosal lesions was 28.9%, and no differences related to gender were observed. The most frequent lesions recorded were oral candidiasis (28.4%), geographic tongue and other tongue lesions (18.5%), traumatic lesions (17.8%), recurrent aphthous ulcerations (14.8%), herpes simplex virus type 1 infections (9.3%), and erythema multiforme (0.9%). Children suffering from chronic diseases had a higher frequency of oral lesions compared with healthy children (chi-square: P < .01). Mucosal alterations in children are relatively common, and several oral disorders are associated with underlying medical conditions.

Differences in methodologies of measuring the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children and adolescents

This review offers a brief summary of three of the more commonly surveyed and reported oral mucosal conditions found in children, and an appraisal of the variation between selected elements of prevalence study methodologies. Searches of electronic databases (i.e. MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and EBM Reviews) were conducted to find publications related to oral mucosal conditions in children. Studies were included and reviewed if they contained data on the prevalence of any of the following oral mucosal conditions: geographical tongue, oral ulceration and herpes labialis in children or adolescents (up to the age of 19 years). A total of 29 articles out of 333 met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Of these 29 reports, 18 considered geographical tongue, 12 herpes labialis and 10 oral ulceration, although a number of the surveys reported on more than one condition. The approaches used in these studies varied on a number of the potentially important areas associated with validity, comparability, and whether or not the findings may be extrapolated beyond the study population, such as the sampling frame, diagnostic criteria, training and calibration, and examination features. Although there were a number of surveys relating to the prevalence of geographical tongue, herpes labialis and oral ulcers in children and adolescents, reported prevalences varied and few studies were directly comparable in terms of the methodology applied. In particular, there was substantial variation between surveys in terms of the diagnostic criteria and method of detection employed although, in many instances, there was inadequate detail to allow full appraisal of the methodology. There is a need for more good-quality epidemiological studies in this area.

Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in children and youths in the USA

There is a dearth of studies of oral lesions in children and youths using probability samples of a general population. The present paper describes the results of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994 (NHANES III), and compares them to those of the National Survey of Oral Health in US Schoolchildren, 1986-1987. The NHANES III was a large US study based on a multistage probability sample. Dentist examiners were trained to recognize, classify and record, in a standard manner, the clinical characteristics of each of the 48 conditions of interest using procedures based on the World Health Organization's Guide to Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Oral Mucosal Diseases. Examinations were performed on 10,030 individuals (10.26%) aged between 2 and 17 years, 914 of whom had a total of 976 lesions. The lip was the most frequent site of lesions (30.7%), followed by the dorsum of the tongue (14.7%) and the buccal mucosa (13.6%). Lesions were more prevalent in males (11.76%) than females (8.67%). The most prevalent lesions were lip/cheek bite (1.89%), followed by aphthous stomatitis (1.64%), recurrent herpes labialis (1.42%) and geographic tongue (1.05%). The prevalence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis in the NHANES III child and youth survey was substantially higher than that for adults, while the NHANES III adult estimates for geographic tongue (1.85%; 95% CI 1.42, 2.28) and cheek/lip bite (3.05%; 95% CI 2.36, 3.74) were substantially greater than those for children and youths (0.97% and 2.05%, respectively). Reported prevalences for rare conditions in other studies employing more selected samples (especially if standard errors or confidence intervals are not provided) should be interpreted with caution. Studies of adult populations, however valid, may have limited applicability to children.